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Study list: U.S. Citizenship Civics Test 2025: 128 Questions

Every question of this practice test with its correct answer, a short explanation and the part of the official source it comes from.

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Practice these questions in the test

Official source: USCIS: 128 Civics Questions and Answers (2025 version), M-1778 (09/25). Last verified: October 13, 2026.

  1. What is the form of government of the United States?

    Answer: Republic

    The United States is a republic: citizens elect representatives to govern for them, and the Constitution sets the rules and limits of that government. Official answers: Republic; Constitution-based federal republic; Representative democracy.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 1

  2. What is the supreme law of the land?

    Answer: The U.S. Constitution

    The Constitution is the highest law in the country. It forms the government and protects the rights of the people. Official answers: (U.S.) Constitution.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 2

  3. Name one thing the U.S. Constitution does.

    Answer: Forms the government

    The Constitution forms the government, defines its powers and its parts, and protects the rights of the people. Official answers: Forms the government; Defines powers of government; Defines the parts of government; Protects the rights of the people.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 3

  4. The U.S. Constitution starts with the words “We the People.” What does “We the People” mean?

    Answer: Self-government

    “We the People” means power comes from the people. Citizens govern themselves and the government acts with their consent. Official answers: Self-government; Popular sovereignty; Consent of the governed; People should govern themselves; (Example of) social contract.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 4

  5. How are changes made to the U.S. Constitution?

    Answer: Amendments

    The Constitution is changed through amendments. The first ten amendments are called the Bill of Rights. Official answers: Amendments; The amendment process.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 5

  6. What does the Bill of Rights protect?

    Answer: The basic rights of Americans

    The Bill of Rights, the first ten amendments, protects the basic rights of Americans and of people living in the United States. Official answers: (The basic) rights of Americans; (The basic) rights of people living in the United States.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 6

  7. How many amendments does the U.S. Constitution have?

    Answer: Twenty-seven (27)

    The Constitution has 27 amendments. Remember: the first ten are the Bill of Rights, and there are 27 in total. Official answers: Twenty-seven (27).

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 7

  8. Why is the Declaration of Independence important?

    Answer: It says all people are created equal.

    The Declaration of Independence said America was free from British control and that all people are created equal, with rights that belong to them by nature. Official answers: It says America is free from British control; It says all people are created equal; It identifies inherent rights; It identifies individual freedoms.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 8

  9. What founding document said the American colonies were free from Britain?

    Answer: Declaration of Independence

    The Declaration of Independence, adopted on July 4, 1776, said the American colonies were free from Britain. Official answers: Declaration of Independence.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 9

  10. Name two important ideas from the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution.

    Answer: Equality and Liberty

    Both founding documents rest on the same ideas: equality, liberty, natural rights, limited government, self-government and the social contract. Official answers: Equality; Liberty; Social contract; Natural rights; Limited government; Self-government.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 10

  11. The words “Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness” are in what founding document?

    Answer: Declaration of Independence

    The Declaration of Independence names “Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness” as rights of all people. Official answers: Declaration of Independence.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 11

  12. What is the economic system of the United States?

    Answer: Capitalism

    The United States has a capitalist, free market economy. Official answers: Capitalism; Free market economy.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 12

  13. What is the rule of law?

    Answer: No one is above the law.

    Rule of law means everyone, including leaders and the government itself, must follow the law. Official answers: Everyone must follow the law; Leaders must obey the law; Government must obey the law; No one is above the law.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 13

  14. Many documents influenced the U.S. Constitution. Name one.

    Answer: Articles of Confederation

    The Articles of Confederation were the country’s first plan of government. Other influences on the Constitution include the Declaration of Independence, the Federalist Papers and the Mayflower Compact. Official answers: Declaration of Independence; Articles of Confederation; Federalist Papers; Anti-Federalist Papers; Virginia Declaration of Rights; Fundamental Orders of Connecticut; Mayflower Compact; Iroquois Great Law of Peace.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 14

  15. There are three branches of government. Why?

    Answer: Checks and balances

    Dividing power among three branches keeps any one part of the government from becoming too powerful. Each branch can check the others. Official answers: So one part does not become too powerful; Checks and balances; Separation of powers.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 15

  16. Name the three branches of government.

    Answer: Legislative, executive, and judicial

    The three branches are legislative (Congress), executive (the President) and judicial (the courts). Official answers: Legislative, executive, and judicial; Congress, president, and the courts.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 16

  17. The President of the United States is in charge of which branch of government?

    Answer: Executive branch

    The President leads the executive branch, which enforces the laws. Official answers: Executive branch.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 17

  18. What part of the federal government writes laws?

    Answer: Congress

    Congress, the legislative branch, writes federal laws. Official answers: (U.S.) Congress; (U.S. or national) legislature; Legislative branch.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 18

  19. What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress?

    Answer: Senate and House of Representatives

    Congress has two parts: the Senate, with two senators from each state, and the House of Representatives, with 435 voting members. Official answers: Senate and House (of Representatives).

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 19

  20. Name one power of the U.S. Congress.

    Answer: Declares war

    Congress writes laws, declares war and makes the federal budget. Vetoing bills, appointing judges and commanding the military are powers of the President. Official answers: Writes laws; Declares war; Makes the federal budget.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 20

  21. How many U.S. senators are there?

    Answer: One hundred (100)

    Each of the 50 states has two senators, so there are 100 senators. Official answers: One hundred (100).

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 21

  22. How long is a term for a U.S. senator?

    Answer: Six (6) years

    Senators serve six-year terms. Compare: House members serve two years and the President four. Official answers: Six (6) years.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 22

  23. How many voting members are in the House of Representatives?

    Answer: Four hundred thirty-five (435)

    The House of Representatives has 435 voting members. States with more people have more of them. Official answers: Four hundred thirty-five (435).

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 24

  24. How long is a term for a member of the House of Representatives?

    Answer: Two (2) years

    Members of the House are elected for two-year terms. Official answers: Two (2) years.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 25

  25. Why do U.S. representatives serve shorter terms than U.S. senators?

    Answer: To more closely follow public opinion

    With two-year terms, representatives face voters often, so they follow public opinion more closely than senators with six-year terms. Official answers: To more closely follow public opinion.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 26

  26. How many senators does each state have?

    Answer: Two (2)

    Every state has exactly two senators, whatever its population. Official answers: Two (2).

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 27

  27. Why does each state have two senators?

    Answer: Equal representation (for small states)

    Two senators for every state gives small states equal representation in the Senate. It came from the Great Compromise (Connecticut Compromise). Official answers: Equal representation (for small states); The Great Compromise (Connecticut Compromise).

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 28

  28. What is the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives now?

    Answer: Mike Johnson

    According to USCIS’s current test updates, the Speaker of the House is Mike Johnson. This answer can change after elections or appointments. Check uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates shortly before your interview and answer with the official serving on that day. Official answers: Mike Johnson; Johnson; James Michael Johnson (birth name).

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 30; answer from USCIS Check for Test Updates (updated 09/18/2025)

  29. Who does a U.S. senator represent?

    Answer: Citizens of their state

    A U.S. senator represents all the people of their state. Official answers: Citizens of their state; People of their state.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 31

  30. Who elects U.S. senators?

    Answer: Citizens from their state

    U.S. senators are elected by the citizens of their state. Official answers: Citizens from their state.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 32

  31. Who does a member of the House of Representatives represent?

    Answer: Citizens in their congressional district

    Each member of the House represents the people of one congressional district. Official answers: Citizens in their (congressional) district; Citizens in their district; People from their (congressional) district; People in their district.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 33

  32. Who elects members of the House of Representatives?

    Answer: Citizens from their congressional district

    Voters in each congressional district elect their own member of the House. Official answers: Citizens from their (congressional) district.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 34

  33. Some states have more representatives than other states. Why?

    Answer: Because of the state’s population

    Seats in the House depend on population: states with more people have more representatives. Official answers: (Because of) the state’s population; (Because) they have more people; (Because) some states have more people.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 35

  34. The President of the United States is elected for how many years?

    Answer: Four (4) years

    A president is elected for four years and can serve only two terms (22nd Amendment). Official answers: Four (4) years.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 36

  35. The President of the United States can serve only two terms. Why?

    Answer: Because of the 22nd Amendment

    The 22nd Amendment limits a president to two terms, which keeps a president from becoming too powerful. Official answers: (Because of) the 22nd Amendment; To keep the president from becoming too powerful.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 37

  36. What is the name of the President of the United States now?

    Answer: Donald J. Trump

    According to USCIS’s current test updates, the President is Donald J. Trump. This answer can change after elections or appointments. Check uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates shortly before your interview and answer with the official serving on that day. Official answers: Donald J. Trump; Donald Trump; Trump.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 38; answer from USCIS Check for Test Updates (updated 09/18/2025)

  37. What is the name of the Vice President of the United States now?

    Answer: JD Vance

    According to USCIS’s current test updates, the Vice President is JD Vance. This answer can change after elections or appointments. Check uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates shortly before your interview and answer with the official serving on that day. Official answers: JD Vance; Vance.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 39; answer from USCIS Check for Test Updates (updated 09/18/2025)

  38. If the president can no longer serve, who becomes president?

    Answer: The Vice President

    If the President can no longer serve, the Vice President becomes President. Official answers: The Vice President (of the United States).

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 40

  39. Name one power of the president.

    Answer: Vetoes bills

    The President signs or vetoes bills, enforces laws, is Commander in Chief and chief diplomat, and appoints federal judges. Writing laws and declaring war belong to Congress. Official answers: Signs bills into law; Vetoes bills; Enforces laws; Commander in Chief (of the military); Chief diplomat; Appoints federal judges.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 41

  40. Who is Commander in Chief of the U.S. military?

    Answer: The President

    The President is Commander in Chief of the U.S. military. Official answers: The President (of the United States).

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 42

  41. Who signs bills to become laws?

    Answer: The President

    Bills passed by Congress become law when the President signs them. Official answers: The President (of the United States).

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 43

  42. Who vetoes bills?

    Answer: The President

    The President can veto (reject) a bill passed by Congress. Official answers: The President (of the United States).

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 44

  43. Who appoints federal judges?

    Answer: The President

    The President appoints federal judges. Official answers: The President (of the United States).

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 45

  44. The executive branch has many parts. Name one.

    Answer: Cabinet

    The executive branch includes the President, the Cabinet and federal departments and agencies. Congress is the legislative branch and the courts are the judicial branch. Official answers: President (of the United States); Cabinet; Federal departments and agencies.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 46

  45. What does the President’s Cabinet do?

    Answer: Advises the President

    The Cabinet is a group of top officials who advise the President. Official answers: Advises the President (of the United States).

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 47

  46. What are two Cabinet-level positions?

    Answer: Secretary of State and Attorney General

    Cabinet-level positions belong to the executive branch. The Speaker of the House (Congress) and the Chief Justice (courts) are in other branches. Official answers: Attorney General; Secretary of Agriculture; Secretary of Commerce; Secretary of Education; Secretary of Energy; Secretary of Health and Human Services; Secretary of Homeland Security; Secretary of Housing and Urban Development; Secretary of the Interior; Secretary of Labor; Secretary of State; Secretary of Transportation; Secretary of the Treasury; Secretary of Veterans Affairs; Secretary of War (Defense); Vice-President; Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency; Administrator of the Small Business Administration; Director of the Central Intelligence Agency; Director of the Office of Management and Budget; Director of National Intelligence; United States Trade Representative.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 48

  47. Why is the Electoral College important?

    Answer: It decides who is elected president.

    The Electoral College decides who is elected president. It is a compromise between electing the president by popular vote and having Congress choose. Official answers: It decides who is elected president; It provides a compromise between the popular election of the president and congressional selection.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 49

  48. What is one part of the judicial branch?

    Answer: Supreme Court

    The judicial branch is made up of the Supreme Court and the other federal courts. Official answers: Supreme Court; Federal Courts.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 50

  49. What does the judicial branch do?

    Answer: Decides if a law goes against the Constitution

    The courts review and explain laws, resolve disputes about the law and decide whether a law goes against the Constitution. Official answers: Reviews laws; Explains laws; Resolves disputes (disagreements) about the law; Decides if a law goes against the (U.S.) Constitution.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 51

  50. What is the highest court in the United States?

    Answer: Supreme Court

    The Supreme Court is the highest court in the United States. Official answers: Supreme Court.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 52

  51. How many seats are on the Supreme Court?

    Answer: Nine (9)

    The Supreme Court has nine seats. A majority, usually five justices, decides a case. Official answers: Nine (9).

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 53

  52. How many Supreme Court justices are usually needed to decide a case?

    Answer: Five (5)

    Five of the nine justices make a majority, which is usually needed to decide a case. Official answers: Five (5).

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 54

  53. How long do Supreme Court justices serve?

    Answer: For life

    Supreme Court justices have a lifetime appointment and usually serve until they retire. Official answers: (For) life; Lifetime appointment; (Until) retirement.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 55

  54. Supreme Court justices serve for life. Why?

    Answer: To be independent of politics

    Serving for life lets justices decide cases independently, without outside political influence. Official answers: To be independent (of politics); To limit outside (political) influence.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 56

  55. Who is the Chief Justice of the United States now?

    Answer: John Roberts

    According to USCIS’s current test updates, the Chief Justice of the United States is John Roberts. This answer can change after elections or appointments. Check uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates shortly before your interview and answer with the official serving on that day. Official answers: John Roberts; John G. Roberts, Jr; Roberts.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 57; answer from USCIS Check for Test Updates (updated 09/18/2025)

  56. Name one power that is only for the federal government.

    Answer: Print paper money

    Only the federal government can print money, mint coins, declare war, create an army, make treaties and set foreign policy. Schools, driver’s licenses and zoning are state powers. Official answers: Print paper money; Mint coins; Declare war; Create an army; Make treaties; Set foreign policy.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 58

  57. Name one power that is only for the states.

    Answer: Give a driver’s license

    States provide schooling, police and fire protection, driver’s licenses and zoning. Money, war and treaties are federal powers. Official answers: Provide schooling and education; Provide protection (police); Provide safety (fire departments); Give a driver’s license; Approve zoning and land use.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 59

  58. What is the purpose of the 10th Amendment?

    Answer: Powers not given to the federal government belong to the states or to the people.

    The 10th Amendment says powers not given to the federal government belong to the states or to the people. Official answers: (It states that the) powers not given to the federal government belong to the states or to the people.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 60

  59. There are four amendments to the U.S. Constitution about who can vote. Describe one of them.

    Answer: Citizens eighteen (18) and older can vote.

    Four amendments protect voting: male citizens of any race can vote, women and men can vote, no one has to pay a poll tax to vote, and citizens 18 and older can vote. Official answers: Citizens eighteen (18) and older (can vote); You don’t have to pay (a poll tax) to vote; Any citizen can vote. (Women and men can vote.); A male citizen of any race (can vote).

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 63

  60. Who can vote in federal elections, run for federal office, and serve on a jury in the United States?

    Answer: U.S. citizens

    Only U.S. citizens can vote in federal elections, run for federal office and serve on a jury. Official answers: Citizens; Citizens of the United States; U.S. citizens.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 64

  61. What are three rights of everyone living in the United States?

    Answer: Freedom of speech, Freedom of religion and Freedom of assembly

    Freedoms of expression, speech, assembly, religion and to petition the government, and the right to bear arms, belong to everyone living in the U.S. Voting and jury service are only for citizens. Official answers: Freedom of expression; Freedom of speech; Freedom of assembly; Freedom to petition the government; Freedom of religion; The right to bear arms.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 65

  62. What do we show loyalty to when we say the Pledge of Allegiance?

    Answer: The United States

    The Pledge of Allegiance is a promise of loyalty to the flag and to the United States. Official answers: The United States; The flag.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 66

  63. Name two promises that new citizens make in the Oath of Allegiance.

    Answer: Defend the Constitution and Obey the laws of the United States

    In the Oath of Allegiance, new citizens promise to give up loyalty to other countries, defend the Constitution, obey U.S. laws, serve the nation or the military if needed, and be loyal to the United States. Official answers: Give up loyalty to other countries; Defend the (U.S.) Constitution; Obey the laws of the United States; Serve in the military (if needed); Serve (help, do important work for) the nation (if needed); Be loyal to the United States.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 67

  64. How can people become United States citizens?

    Answer: Naturalize

    People become U.S. citizens by being born in the United States under the 14th Amendment, by naturalizing, or by deriving citizenship under conditions set by Congress. Official answers: Be born in the United States, under the conditions set by the 14th Amendment; Naturalize; Derive citizenship (under conditions set by Congress).

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 68

  65. What are two examples of civic participation in the United States?

    Answer: Vote and Join a civic group

    Civic participation means taking part in public life: voting, running for office, joining a party, civic or community group, helping a campaign or contacting elected officials. Official answers: Vote; Run for office; Join a political party; Help with a campaign; Join a civic group; Join a community group; Give an elected official your opinion (on an issue); Contact elected officials; Support or oppose an issue or policy; Write to a newspaper.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 69

  66. What is one way Americans can serve their country?

    Answer: Serve in the military

    Americans serve their country by voting, paying taxes, obeying the law, serving in the military, running for office or working for government. Official answers: Vote; Pay taxes; Obey the law; Serve in the military; Run for office; Work for local, state, or federal government.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 70

  67. Why is it important to pay federal taxes?

    Answer: Required by law

    Paying federal taxes is required by law and by the Constitution (16th Amendment). Taxes fund the federal government, and paying them is a civic duty. Official answers: Required by law; All people pay to fund the federal government; Required by the (U.S.) Constitution (16th Amendment); Civic duty.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 71

  68. It is important for all men age 18 through 25 to register for the Selective Service. Name one reason why.

    Answer: Makes the draft fair, if needed

    Registering for the Selective Service is required by law for men age 18 through 25. It is a civic duty and makes a draft fair, if one is ever needed. Official answers: Required by law; Civic duty; Makes the draft fair, if needed.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 72

  69. The colonists came to America for many reasons. Name one.

    Answer: Religious freedom

    Colonists came for freedom, political liberty, religious freedom and economic opportunity, and to escape persecution. Official answers: Freedom; Political liberty; Religious freedom; Economic opportunity; Escape persecution.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 73

  70. Who lived in America before the Europeans arrived?

    Answer: Native Americans

    American Indians, also called Native Americans, lived in America before the Europeans arrived. Official answers: American Indians; Native Americans.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 74

  71. What group of people was taken and sold as slaves?

    Answer: Africans

    People from Africa were taken and sold as slaves. Official answers: Africans; People from Africa.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 75

  72. What war did the Americans fight to win independence from Britain?

    Answer: The American Revolutionary War

    Americans won independence from Britain in the American Revolution, also called the Revolutionary War or War for Independence. Official answers: American Revolution; The (American) Revolutionary War; War for (American) Independence.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 76

  73. Name one reason why the Americans declared independence from Britain.

    Answer: Taxation without representation

    Colonists objected to high taxes and taxation without representation, British soldiers living in their houses and the lack of self-government. Laws such as the Stamp Act and the Tea Act added to their anger. Official answers: High taxes; Taxation without representation; British soldiers stayed in Americans’ houses (boarding, quartering); They did not have self-government; Boston Massacre; Boston Tea Party (Tea Act); Stamp Act; Sugar Act; Townshend Acts; Intolerable (Coercive) Acts.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 77

  74. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?

    Answer: Thomas Jefferson

    Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence. He later became the third president. Official answers: (Thomas) Jefferson.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 78

  75. When was the Declaration of Independence adopted?

    Answer: July 4, 1776

    The Declaration of Independence was adopted on July 4, 1776. Independence Day celebrates it. Official answers: July 4, 1776.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 79

  76. The American Revolution had many important events. Name one.

    Answer: Battle of Yorktown

    Important events of the American Revolution include Bunker Hill, the Declaration of Independence, Washington crossing the Delaware, Saratoga, Valley Forge and the British surrender at Yorktown. Gettysburg and Sherman’s March were in the Civil War. Official answers: (Battle of) Bunker Hill; Declaration of Independence; Washington Crossing the Delaware (Battle of Trenton); (Battle of) Saratoga; Valley Forge (Encampment); (Battle of) Yorktown (British surrender at Yorktown).

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 80

  77. There were 13 original states. Name five.

    Answer: New York, Virginia, Massachusetts, Georgia and Pennsylvania

    The 13 original states are New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia. Official answers: New Hampshire; Massachusetts; Rhode Island; Connecticut; New York; New Jersey; Pennsylvania; Delaware; Maryland; Virginia; North Carolina; South Carolina; Georgia.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 81

  78. What founding document was written in 1787?

    Answer: The U.S. Constitution

    The Constitution was written in 1787. The Federalist Papers then supported its passage. Official answers: (U.S.) Constitution.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 82

  79. The Federalist Papers supported the passage of the U.S. Constitution. Name one of the writers.

    Answer: James Madison

    The Federalist Papers were written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton and John Jay under the shared name “Publius”. Official answers: (James) Madison; (Alexander) Hamilton; (John) Jay; Publius.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 83

  80. Why were the Federalist Papers important?

    Answer: They supported passing the U.S. Constitution.

    The Federalist Papers helped people understand the Constitution and supported its passage. Official answers: They helped people understand the (U.S.) Constitution; They supported passing the (U.S.) Constitution.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 84

  81. Benjamin Franklin is famous for many things. Name one.

    Answer: First Postmaster General of the United States

    Benjamin Franklin was an inventor and U.S. diplomat, the first Postmaster General, founder of the first free public libraries, and helped write the Declaration of Independence. Official answers: Founded the first free public libraries; First Postmaster General of the United States; Helped write the Declaration of Independence; Inventor; U.S. diplomat.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 85

  82. George Washington is famous for many things. Name one.

    Answer: First president of the United States

    George Washington is called the “Father of Our Country”. He was the first president, General of the Continental Army and President of the Constitutional Convention. Official answers: “Father of Our Country”; First president of the United States; General of the Continental Army; President of the Constitutional Convention.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 86

  83. Thomas Jefferson is famous for many things. Name one.

    Answer: Third president of the United States

    Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence, was the third president, doubled the size of the country with the Louisiana Purchase and was the first Secretary of State. Official answers: Writer of the Declaration of Independence; Third president of the United States; Doubled the size of the United States (Louisiana Purchase); First Secretary of State; Founded the University of Virginia; Writer of the Virginia Statute on Religious Freedom.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 87

  84. James Madison is famous for many things. Name one.

    Answer: Father of the Constitution

    James Madison is the “Father of the Constitution”, the fourth president, president during the War of 1812 and a writer of the Federalist Papers. “Father of Our Country” is George Washington. Official answers: “Father of the Constitution”; Fourth president of the United States; President during the War of 1812; One of the writers of the Federalist Papers.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 88

  85. Alexander Hamilton is famous for many things. Name one.

    Answer: First Secretary of the Treasury

    Alexander Hamilton was the first Secretary of the Treasury, a writer of the Federalist Papers and an aide to General George Washington. Official answers: First Secretary of the Treasury; One of the writers of the Federalist Papers; Helped establish the First Bank of the United States; Aide to General George Washington; Member of the Continental Congress.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 89

  86. What territory did the United States buy from France in 1803?

    Answer: Louisiana Territory

    In 1803 the United States bought the Louisiana Territory from France. The Louisiana Purchase doubled the size of the country. Official answers: Louisiana Territory; Louisiana.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 90

  87. Name one war fought by the United States in the 1800s.

    Answer: War of 1812

    Wars of the 1800s include the War of 1812, the Mexican-American War, the Civil War and the Spanish-American War. Official answers: War of 1812; Mexican-American War; Civil War; Spanish-American War.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 91

  88. Name the U.S. war between the North and the South.

    Answer: The Civil War

    The war between the North and the South was the Civil War. It ended slavery. Official answers: The Civil War.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 92

  89. The Civil War had many important events. Name one.

    Answer: Battle of Gettysburg

    Civil War events include Fort Sumter, the Emancipation Proclamation, Vicksburg, Gettysburg, Antietam, Sherman’s March, the surrender at Appomattox and Lincoln’s assassination. Official answers: (Battle of) Fort Sumter; Emancipation Proclamation; (Battle of) Vicksburg; (Battle of) Gettysburg; Sherman’s March; (Surrender at) Appomattox; (Battle of) Antietam/Sharpsburg; Lincoln was assassinated.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 93

  90. Abraham Lincoln is famous for many things. Name one.

    Answer: Delivered the Gettysburg Address

    Abraham Lincoln was the 16th president. He led the country during the Civil War, saved the Union, freed the slaves with the Emancipation Proclamation and delivered the Gettysburg Address. Official answers: Freed the slaves (Emancipation Proclamation); Saved (or preserved) the Union; Led the United States during the Civil War; 16th president of the United States; Delivered the Gettysburg Address.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 94

  91. What did the Emancipation Proclamation do?

    Answer: Freed the slaves

    The Emancipation Proclamation freed the slaves in the Confederate states. Official answers: Freed the slaves; Freed slaves in the Confederacy; Freed slaves in the Confederate states; Freed slaves in most Southern states.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 95

  92. What U.S. war ended slavery?

    Answer: The Civil War

    Slavery ended with the Civil War. Official answers: The Civil War.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 96

  93. What amendment says all persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are U.S. citizens?

    Answer: 14th Amendment

    The 14th Amendment makes people born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to its jurisdiction, U.S. citizens. Official answers: 14th Amendment.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 97

  94. When did all men get the right to vote?

    Answer: With the 15th Amendment

    All men got the right to vote after the Civil War, during Reconstruction, with the 15th Amendment in 1870. Women followed in 1920 with the 19th Amendment. Official answers: After the Civil War; During Reconstruction; (With the) 15th Amendment; 1870.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 98

  95. Name one leader of the women’s rights movement in the 1800s.

    Answer: Susan B. Anthony

    Leaders of the women’s rights movement in the 1800s include Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Sojourner Truth, Harriet Tubman, Lucretia Mott and Lucy Stone. Official answers: Susan B. Anthony; Elizabeth Cady Stanton; Sojourner Truth; Harriet Tubman; Lucretia Mott; Lucy Stone.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 99

  96. Name one war fought by the United States in the 1900s.

    Answer: World War II

    Wars of the 1900s include World War I, World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam War and the Persian Gulf War. Official answers: World War I; World War II; Korean War; Vietnam War; (Persian) Gulf War.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 100

  97. Why did the United States enter World War I?

    Answer: Because Germany attacked U.S. civilian ships

    The United States entered World War I because Germany attacked U.S. civilian ships, and to support the Allied Powers. Pearl Harbor led to World War II. Official answers: Because Germany attacked U.S. (civilian) ships; To support the Allied Powers (England, France, Italy, and Russia); To oppose the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria).

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 101

  98. When did all women get the right to vote?

    Answer: 1920

    Women won the right to vote in 1920 with the 19th Amendment, after World War I. Official answers: 1920; After World War I; (With the) 19th Amendment.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 102

  99. What was the Great Depression?

    Answer: Longest economic recession in modern history

    The Great Depression was the longest economic recession in modern history. It started with the stock market crash of 1929. Official answers: Longest economic recession in modern history.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 103

  100. When did the Great Depression start?

    Answer: Stock market crash of 1929

    The Great Depression started with the Great Crash, the stock market crash of 1929. Official answers: The Great Crash (1929); Stock market crash of 1929.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 104

  101. Who was president during the Great Depression and World War II?

    Answer: Franklin Roosevelt

    Franklin Roosevelt was president during the Great Depression and World War II. Official answers: (Franklin) Roosevelt.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 105

  102. Why did the United States enter World War II?

    Answer: Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor

    The United States entered World War II after Japan attacked Pearl Harbor, to support the Allied Powers and oppose the Axis Powers. Official answers: (Bombing of) Pearl Harbor; Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor; To support the Allied Powers (England, France, and Russia); To oppose the Axis Powers (Germany, Italy, and Japan).

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 106

  103. Dwight Eisenhower is famous for many things. Name one.

    Answer: General during World War II

    Dwight Eisenhower was a general in World War II and the 34th president. He was president at the end of the Korean War and signed the act that created the Interstate System. Official answers: General during World War II; President at the end of (during) the Korean War; 34th president of the United States; Signed the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956 (Created the Interstate System).

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 107

  104. Who was the United States’ main rival during the Cold War?

    Answer: Soviet Union

    The main rival of the United States during the Cold War was the Soviet Union (USSR). Official answers: Soviet Union; USSR; Russia.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 108

  105. During the Cold War, what was one main concern of the United States?

    Answer: Communism

    During the Cold War the United States was mainly concerned about communism and nuclear war. Official answers: Communism; Nuclear war.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 109

  106. Why did the United States enter the Korean War?

    Answer: To stop the spread of communism

    The United States entered the Korean War to stop the spread of communism. Official answers: To stop the spread of communism.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 110

  107. Why did the United States enter the Vietnam War?

    Answer: To stop the spread of communism

    The United States entered the Vietnam War, like the Korean War, to stop the spread of communism. Official answers: To stop the spread of communism.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 111

  108. What did the civil rights movement do?

    Answer: Fought to end racial discrimination

    The civil rights movement fought to end racial discrimination. Official answers: Fought to end racial discrimination.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 112

  109. Martin Luther King, Jr. is famous for many things. Name one.

    Answer: Fought for civil rights

    Martin Luther King, Jr. fought for civil rights and worked for equality for all Americans. Official answers: Fought for civil rights; Worked for equality for all Americans; Worked to ensure that people would “not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character”.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 113

  110. Why did the United States enter the Persian Gulf War?

    Answer: To force the Iraqi military from Kuwait

    The United States entered the Persian Gulf War to force the Iraqi military out of Kuwait. Official answers: To force the Iraqi military from Kuwait.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 114

  111. What major event happened on September 11, 2001 in the United States?

    Answer: Terrorists attacked the United States

    On September 11, 2001, terrorists attacked the United States: planes were crashed into the World Trade Center, the Pentagon and a field in Pennsylvania. Official answers: Terrorists attacked the United States; Terrorists took over two planes and crashed them into the World Trade Center in New York City; Terrorists took over a plane and crashed into the Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia; Terrorists took over a plane originally aimed at Washington, D.C., and crashed in a field in Pennsylvania.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 115

  112. Name one U.S. military conflict after the September 11, 2001 attacks.

    Answer: War in Afghanistan

    Conflicts after the September 11 attacks include the War on Terror, the War in Afghanistan and the War in Iraq. Official answers: (Global) War on Terror; War in Afghanistan; War in Iraq.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 116

  113. Name one American Indian tribe in the United States.

    Answer: Cherokee

    Examples on the official list include the Cherokee, Navajo, Sioux, Apache and Seminole. A complete list of tribes is at bia.gov. Official answers: Apache; Blackfeet; Cayuga; Cherokee; Cheyenne; Chippewa; Choctaw; Creek; Crow; Hopi; Huron; Inupiat; Lakota; Mohawk; Mohegan; Navajo; Oneida; Onondaga; Pueblo; Seminole; Seneca; Shawnee; Sioux; Teton; Tuscarora.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 117

  114. Name one example of an American innovation.

    Answer: Airplane

    American innovations on the official list include the light bulb, the automobile, skyscrapers, the airplane, the assembly line, the moon landing and the integrated circuit. Official answers: Light bulb; Automobile (cars, internal combustion engine); Skyscrapers; Airplane; Assembly line; Landing on the moon; Integrated circuit (IC).

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 118

  115. What is the capital of the United States?

    Answer: Washington, D.C.

    The capital of the United States is Washington, D.C. Official answers: Washington, D.C.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 119

  116. Where is the Statue of Liberty?

    Answer: New York Harbor

    The Statue of Liberty stands on Liberty Island in New York Harbor. Official answers: New York (Harbor); Liberty Island (Also acceptable are New Jersey, near New York City, and on the Hudson (River)).

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 120

  117. Why does the flag have 13 stripes?

    Answer: Because there were 13 original colonies

    The 13 stripes stand for the 13 original colonies. Official answers: (Because there were) 13 original colonies; (Because the stripes) represent the original colonies.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 121

  118. Why does the flag have 50 stars?

    Answer: Because there is one star for each state

    The flag has 50 stars, one for each of the 50 states. Official answers: (Because there is) one star for each state; (Because) each star represents a state; (Because there are) 50 states.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 122

  119. What is the name of the national anthem?

    Answer: The Star-Spangled Banner

    The national anthem is “The Star-Spangled Banner”. Official answers: The Star-Spangled Banner.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 123

  120. The Nation’s first motto was “E Pluribus Unum.” What does that mean?

    Answer: Out of many, one

    “E Pluribus Unum” means “out of many, one”: many states and people form one nation. Official answers: Out of many, one; We all become one.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 124

  121. What is Independence Day?

    Answer: The country’s birthday

    Independence Day celebrates U.S. independence from Britain; it is the country’s birthday. Official answers: A holiday to celebrate U.S. independence (from Britain); The country’s birthday.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 125

  122. Name three national U.S. holidays.

    Answer: Independence Day, Thanksgiving Day and Memorial Day

    National U.S. holidays include New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents Day, Memorial Day, Juneteenth, Independence Day, Labor Day, Columbus Day, Veterans Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. Official answers: New Year’s Day; Martin Luther King, Jr. Day; Presidents Day (Washington’s Birthday); Memorial Day; Juneteenth; Independence Day; Labor Day; Columbus Day; Veterans Day; Thanksgiving Day; Christmas Day.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 126

  123. What is Memorial Day?

    Answer: A holiday to honor soldiers who died in military service

    Memorial Day honors soldiers who died in military service. Veterans Day honors everyone who has served. Official answers: A holiday to honor soldiers who died in military service.

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 127

  124. What is Veterans Day?

    Answer: A holiday to honor people who have served in the U.S. military

    Veterans Day honors people who have served in the U.S. military. Memorial Day honors those who died in service. Official answers: A holiday to honor people in the (U.S.) military; A holiday to honor people who have served (in the U.S. military).

    Source: USCIS M-1778 (09/25), question 128